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2. What was the nature of Hong Liangji's (1746-1809) critique of Qing imperial rule? What, in particular, was the "population problem"?
3. How would you characterize Gong Zizhen's so-called "reformist vision"? What was Gong's analysis of the "dynastic cycle"?
4. What are the main points made in Lin Zexu's "Letter to the English Ruler"? How would you characterize the conflict between Qing China and Britain?
5. According to Wei Yuan, what was the "purpose" of his Illustrated Gazetteer of the Maritime Countries? Upon whose pioneering work was the Gazetteer composed?
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