A. Yoritomo's approach

        1. No effort made to make new laws

         2. Imperial law (ritsuryo) and shoen laws recognized

    B. The Hojo approach

         1. Council of State (Hyojoshu) established---assembly rule promoted

          2. Hojo Yasutoki (1193-1242) promulgated Joei shikimoku (1232)

     C. Joei shikimoku (51 articles) 

          1. Served as the basis principles guiding samurai law

           2. fair, equitable, and simply composed for intelligibility

           3. precedent and principle (dori) to serve as basis of law

           4. Provisions

               a. Respect for shrines and temples

               b. Specific duties of shugo, jito

               c. Rights of women to inheritance, property, etc.

II. Muromachi Developments

    A. Kenmu shikimoku (17 articles)

         1. Unruly behavior of samurai addressed

          2. Rewards for loyalty asserted explicitly 

          3. Frugality emphasized

     B. Laws of the Warrior Houses

           1. Sengoku daimyo produced these "house codes" kaho

            2. vassals often assumed rights to revenge (jiriki kyusai)

          3. House codes asserted kenka ryoseibai --- holding all responsible

             4. Family responsibility for crimes

       C. Precepts for Warrior Houses (kakun) 

            1. rules for family members, vassals

             2. precepts often ethical, didactic in nature