China During Disunity

I. Buddhism In India

   A. The Original Teachings

        1. Siddhartha Gautama (ca. 563-483 B.C.E.) 

              a. prince of the Shakya tribe =

                  "Shakyamuni Buddha" 

              b. Four Noble Truths 

              c. Anatman  

              d. Nirvana 

    B. Later Developments

        1. Theravada (Hinayana) — arhat ideal 

        2. Mahayana  

             a. bodhisattva ideal 

             b. Historical Buddha de-emphasized 

             c. sunyata 

II. Disunity: Post-Han China

    A. Period of Three Kingdoms

          1. Wei (220-264)

          2. Shu Han (221-263)

          3. Wu (222-280)

    B. Western Jin (265-316)

    C. Northern Political History

          1. Sixteen Kingdoms (304-439)

          2. Northern Wei (386-534)

    D. Southern Political History: The Six Dynasties

III. Northern Wei (386-534)

     A. Sinified "Non-Chinese" dynasty

           1. also called Wei "Tuoba"

           2. proto-Mongolian people from Manchuria

     B. Imperial capital in Luoyang

     C. Equal Field Land Redistribution --- 486

     D. State sponsorship of Buddhism

     E. Daoism also flourished

IV. Buddhism in the South

      A. "Pure talk" and salon Buddhism

      B. Vimalakirti served as a model for lay acceptance