WWII, Civil War, 
and the Founding of the PRC
I. The Beginning of WWII in Asia

          A. July 7, 1937 Marco Polo Bridge Incident

   1. Japanese Army took Tianjin, Shanghai, Nanjing
          2. Rape of Nanjing (Dec. 1937)

                   a. 20,000 females raped

                   b. 30,000 fugitive soldiers killed

                   c. 12,000 civilians murdered

          3. Chiang Kaishek forced to Chongqing in Sichuan

          4. Japanese est. provisional govt. of China: Wang Jingwei

    B. Burma Road (Dec. 1938) 715 mile passage to KMT

          C. Dec. 7, 1941 Pearl Harbor greeted by KMT
          1. Gen. Joseph Stilwell sent as liason to KMT

          2. China one of Big Four (US, GB, USSR, China)

          3. 1943 Allies extraterritoriality ended in China

          D. Cairo Conference
          1. Chiang, FDR, and Churchill

          2. return of Manchuria and Taiwan after WWII

          E. 1944 Ichigo "Number One" Campaign damaged KMT forces
          1. Stilwell recalled; replaced by Gen. Albert Wedemeyer
   2. CCP calls for postwar coalition govt
          F. 7th National Congress of CCP in April 1945 in Yan'an
          1. Mao's thought acknowledged as orthodox

          2. foundations of Cult of Mao laid

          G. August 13, 1945 Japan surrendered

II. The Chinese Civil War

          A. U.S. airlifted troops from Chongqing to northeast

         1. Japanese instructed to surrender only to KMT

         2. Soviets in Manchuria assisted CCP

          B. U.S. advocated coalition govt.
          1. U.S. Ambassador Hurley escorted Mao to Chongqing
   2. temp. agreement reached--later Chiang attacked CCP
          3. Hurley resigned in disgust
   a. Gen. George Marshall sent (Dec. 1945) as envoy
                b. Jan. 1947 Marshall announced failure of mission

                c. American liason groups disbanded

          C. CCP builds political structure in Manchuria

          D. Spring 1948 Chiang Kaishek reelected president

          E. CCP's PLA led by Zhu De, Lin Biao, & Deng Xiaoping

        1. Jan. 31, 1949 entered Beijing
 2. Chiang resigned as President, but remained KMT head

 3. KMT flight to Taiwan

 4. Oct. 1, 1949 Mao and Zhou proclaimed founding of PRC atop Tiananmen