I. "Common Program for China" PRC's constitutional structure 

A. Mao announced it in September 1949

B. Common Program guaranteed rights of freedom of thought, speech, assembly,
                press, movement, domicile, etc. to all but political reactionaries

C. Equal rights for women

D. rent reduction and land redistribution advanced

E. Universal education urged

F. Heavy industry: mining, steel production, electric power plants, chemicals

G. Urban Reform: campaigns against opium and prostitution

II. Structure of Govt.

A. CCP members -- 4,448,080 in October 1949 integrated into govt.

B. Central Committee (44 members)

1. Politburo (14 members)

2. "Standing Committee" (5 members)

i. Mao Zedong

ii. Zhu De

iii. Liu Shaoqi

iv. Chen Yun

v. Zhou Enlai

C. Formal Govt. headed by Central People's Govt. Council with Mao Zedong, Chair

D. People's Liberation Army--PRC divided into 6 Regional Commands under PLA

III. Foreign Relations

A. Mao's Visit to the USSR (Dec. 1949-Jan. 1950)

1. Stalin's 70th birthday/Mao's first trip abroad

2. Mao snubbed

3. Security Treaty negotiated

a. USSR would protect China against Japan

b. Mao acknowledged Soviet control of Mongolian People's Republic

B. Tibet "liberated" from imperialist oppression (Oct. 1950)

C. The "Taiwan Problem"

1. Truman and Sec. of State Dean Acheson--further aid to KMT pointless 

                           ---Taiwan would not be defended---

2. U.S. Pacific "defense perimeter" did not include South Korea in early 1950

a. 1945 Korea divided along 38 parallel

b. North Korea backed by USSR

IV. The Korean War

A. June 25, 1950 North Korea invaded South, captured Seoul

B. USSR boycotting UN due to UN refusal to give PRC a seat

C. UN Security Council condemned North, supported South with multinational force

D. Truman ordered US troops in Japan into S.Korea

     7th Fleet ordered to patrol Taiwan Strait to "neutralize" it

E. PRC ordered 30,000 PLA troops from Fujian to Mukden

F. Gen. Douglas MacArthur proclaimed Taiwan part of U.S. island chain of air bases

G. PRC condemns US imperialism

H. Oct 1950 U.S. captured Pyongyang, advanced to Yalu River

I. Jan. 1951 Chinese pushed U.S. south to 38th parallel

J. April 1951 MacArthur dismissed

K. July 1953 Eisenhower arranged a truce

L. U.S. the new "prime enemy" of China

V. Mass (Indoctrination) Campaigns

A. "Resist America-Aid Korea"

1. Search out foreign spies & "Western-minded" Chinese

2. Reminiscent of Boxer Rebellion's xenophobia

3. By late 1950's, nearly all foreigners gone

B. "Against Counter-Revolutionaries" (1951) against KMT members still in PRC

C. "Three-Anti Campaign" (Corruption, Waste, Obstructionism)

D. "Five-Anti Campaign"

1. Bribery

2. Tax evasion

3. steal PRC prop

4. cheating govt. contracts

5. stealing state economic information

E. Korean War helped CCP legitimize PRC

VI. Creating the New Communist Society

A. 1st Five Year Plan--modelled after Stalin's

1. 1953-57 Closest Cooperation between USSR & PRC

a. Mao--"tidal wave of learning from USSR"

b. dramatic increases in industrial production

B. Population Growth 

1. 1953 census: 582.6 million

2. 1957 census: 646.5 million

C. Foreign Policy: Zhou Enlai

1. "Warm Relations" with India & Jawaharlal Nehru

2. Zhou attended Stalin's funeral; Mao didnt

3. Colombo Powers (India/Burma/Indonesia/Pakistan/ Ceylon) invited PRC to Bandung Conference (Indonesia, 1955)

a. Zhou called for "peaceful coexistence"

b. "world peace and human progress"

c. neutralist stance advocated

d. Asia will never forget the Atomic bomb

4. Earlier--SEATO (Manila, Sept. 1954) formed

a. anti-Communist alliance

b. US/Brit/France/Austr/New Zealand/Phil/Thailand)

5. Dec. 1954 Mutual Defense Treaty signed with Taiwan

6. Zhou declared PRC will liberate Taiwan peacefully

7. Mao called the U.S. a "paper tiger"

D. The Hundred Flowers Movement

1. Problem of Intellectual Allegiance

a. 1950-51 intelligentsia sent to "Revolutionary Colleges" to be lectured by cadres

b. self-criticism and thought correction (Puyi)

2. Hu Feng criticized Mao's thought control of culture

a. 1955 Hu Feng targeted for nationwide criticism

b. arrested, tried, convicted, jailed until 1979

3. Jan. 1956 Khrushchev attacked Stalin at 20th Congress of Comm. Party 
     ---Deng Xiaoping & Zhu De there---

4. Mao: Spring 1956 "let 100 flowers bloom, 100 schools of thought debate"

a. Jan. 1957 Mao published his poems

b. April 1957 intellectuals asked to criticize CCP

c. Beijing Univ. students began "Democracy Wall"
    ---largest outpouring since May 4th Movement---

d. mid-1957--300,000 intellectuals branded "rightists"