A. Lin Biao's Rise  

  1. named Minister of Defense  
  2. replaced Peng Dehuai (1959)  

  3. helped Mao regain "self-confidence"  

  4. compiled Quotations of Chairman Mao 

  5. Jiang Qing, Mao's 3rd wife, allied with Lin Biao 

 B. Socialist Education Campaign  

  1. CCP cadres blamed for GFF failures  
  2. peasants extolled for practical knowledge  

  3. Mao criticized Liu Shaoqi & Deng Xiaoping for lack of 
                 faith in the peasant masses 

 C. Sino-Soviet Rift--Mao's Critique of the Communist Revolution 

  1. CCP conservatism stifled the revolution and its values  
  2. family background shut out many "young Reds"  

  3. Spring 1966 Purge of Mao's critics--May 4th replay  

   a. Red Guards "organized"  
   b. Beijing Univ. administration attacked  

   c. Aug 1966 Mao and Red Guards at Tiananmen  

    i. Lin Biao declared Mao the "Great Teacher," "Great Supreme Leader, "Supreme Commander," "Great Helmsman"  

    ii. "To rebel is justified"  

    iii. "Destruction before Construction" 

  4. Attacks on Party Members  

   a. May 7, 1966: PLA "a great school" for PRC 

   b. Mao called for "revolution in superstructure"  

   c. Aug. 5, 1966 Big Character Poster  

    i. "Bomb the Headquarters"  

    ii. i.e., Remove senior officials  

   d. Aug. 18-Nov. 26, 1966 Red Guards in Beijing
                recreating the Long March 

  5. Red Guard Ascendancy  

   a. Maoists seize control of cities  

   b. Revolutionary Committees established  

   c. "wave of terror" set loose  

   d. Liu Shaoqi discreditted as "China's Khrushchev"  

   e. Oct. 1967 Reaction to Leftists 

  6. Ending the Cultural Revolution  

   a. Mao's latest instructions (early 1968)  

    i. return to schools  

    ii. PLA turned against Red Guards 

   b. Lin Biao disappeared (1971)  

    i. rumored assassination attempt on Mao
 
    ii. supposed plane crash  

    iii. Zhou Enlai replaced Lin as Premier 

   c. Disillusionment of Young Reds with Mao & PRC